The top ten economies in East Africa reflect the region’s diverse growth patterns, structural transformations, and resilience despite global economic pressures. Ranked by nominal GDP in 2025, these economies demonstrate the increasing importance of East Africa in shaping Africa’s broader economic future.
1. Kenya — $132 Billion
Kenya remains the largest economy in East Africa, with a nominal GDP of $132 billion. The country benefits from a diversified economy, strong financial services, robust infrastructure projects, and a dynamic technology sector. Nairobi, often referred to as “Silicon Savannah,” has positioned Kenya as a hub for innovation and investment.
2. Ethiopia — $117 Billion
Ethiopia follows closely with $117 billion, anchored by its expanding industrial base, agriculture, and energy projects. Despite political and economic challenges, Ethiopia remains one of Africa’s fastest-growing economies, leveraging its large population and strategic location.
3. Tanzania — $85 Billion
With a GDP of $85 billion, Tanzania secures third place. Its economy is supported by natural resources, agriculture, and a growing tourism sector. Dar es Salaam is rapidly becoming a commercial hub, while large infrastructure projects continue to fuel growth.
4. Uganda — $64 Billion
Uganda, with $64 billion, continues to strengthen its position through oil and gas exploration, agricultural exports, and a vibrant service sector. Kampala has emerged as a center for finance and regional trade, supported by demographic growth and investments in infrastructure.
5. Sudan — $32 Billion
Sudan records a GDP of $32 billion, reflecting its mix of agriculture and natural resources. While the economy faces persistent challenges, including political instability, it remains a key player in the Horn of Africa due to its strategic location and mineral wealth.
6. Madagascar — $18 Billion
Madagascar’s GDP stands at $18 billion, with agriculture, textiles, and tourism driving much of the economy. Despite its geographic isolation, the island nation plays an important role in East Africa’s trade and cultural landscape.
7. Mauritius — $15 Billion
Mauritius, with $15 billion, remains a strong economy thanks to its financial services, tourism, and ICT sectors. Its stability, progressive policies, and global connectivity make it an attractive hub for international business in the region.
8. Rwanda — $14 Billion
Rwanda continues to punch above its weight with $14 billion. Known for its ease of doing business, digital initiatives, and strong governance, Rwanda has become a model for innovation and development in East Africa.
9. Somalia — $13 Billion
Somalia’s GDP of $13 billion reflects gradual recovery, with agriculture, livestock, and remittances forming the backbone of its economy. Despite security challenges, Somalia’s coastal position offers significant potential for trade and logistics.
10. Burundi — $6 Billion
Burundi closes the list with a GDP of $6 billion. The economy is primarily dependent on agriculture, particularly coffee and tea exports. While one of the smallest in the region, Burundi holds potential for growth with improved stability and investment.
Regional Overview
Together, Kenya, Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Uganda account for the bulk of East Africa’s output, shaping trade, investment, and innovation across the region. Their combined economic strength underscores East Africa’s growing role as a driver of Africa’s economic future.
However, economic forecasts remain subject to change due to internal factors such as governance, inflation, and resource management, as well as external factors like global trade, climate change, and geopolitical dynamics.
Conclusion
The top ten economies in East Africa highlight a region of contrasts — from advanced financial hubs like Mauritius and Kenya to resource-dependent economies like Sudan and Burundi. Despite challenges, East Africa’s growth trajectory remains strong, positioning the region as a key contributor to Africa’s overall economic transformation.
